The human body nervous system connects the whole body to its brain (cerebrum), the principal control center. In this way, all procedures in the body are controlled and sensibly coordinated. This is detailed in the human nervous system diagrams featured in the Human 3D software.
Stimuli originating from outside or within the body itself are sent to the spinal medulla (medulla spinalis) and the brain. Here the stimuli are processed and the response commands are sent out to the tissues and organs.
The nervous system is divided into the central nervous system with spinal medulla and brain, the peripheral nervous system, including all nerves, which connect the central nervous system and the body periphery (e.g. sensory organs, muscles) and the vegetative nervous system with sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system.
The nervous system consists of the Central Nervous System (CNS) with brain (cerebrum), cerebellum and spinal cord (medulla spinalis), and peripheral nerves. There is a functional difference between the somatic nervous system and the vegetative (autonomous) nervous system.
The somatic nervous system consists of neurons which carry impulses from the senses to the CNS and impulses from the CNS to the horizontal muscles. The nerve connections of all internal organs, the smooth muscles, the heart, the blood vessels and the digestive system are by neurons which can not be influenced by will. This part of the nervous system is therefore called the autonomous nervous system.
Apart from the central parts of the CNS (brain, spinal cord, cerebellum), the nerves form the peripheral connections. These are cranial nerves in the head area and the spinal nerves. In addition, in the autonomous system there are the nervous network (plexus), and in some cases individual nerves.
Within the somatic nervous system there are the motor nerves and the sensory nerves. Motor nerves, also known as efferent nerves, carry impulses from the center to the periphery. Sensory nerves, also known as afferent nerves, carry impulses from the periphery to the center.
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